Explosion petroleum-engine.



E. KORTING & J. KRITZLER. EXPLOSION PETROLEUM ENGINE. APPLICATION IIILED IEB.15, 1906.

904,267. Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

UNITED sTArps PATENT OFFICE.

ERNST KORTING, OF LINDEN, NEAR HANOVER, AND JULIUS KRITZLER, OF KIEL, GERMANY.

EXPLOSION PETROLEUM-ENGINE.

ire. 904,267.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908;

Application filed February 15, 1906. Serial No. 80 1,277.

in Explosion Petroleum-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

It is known that petroleum explosion engines, whetherthey are operated on the four cycle principle or on the two cycle principle with compression of the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber of the engine before ignition, give no satisfactory results un-' less the walls. of the working chambers are permanently kept at a sufiiciently high temperature. For starting such petroleum engines it has been necessary to heat a portion of the combustion chamber by means of a special heatin flame or to use at first in lace of petro earn a combustible having a ow evaporating point and to substitute therefor the petroleum after the working chambers of the engine have reached the necessary high temperature. These means are,

however, in many cases impracticable, for

instance in the case of the engine being used as a motor in submarine boats.

Our invention has for its object to preheat the working chambers of the petroleum engine so asto be able to start the engine directly with petroleum, by means which exclude alldanger and may be operated under any ordinary conditions. a

It consists in passing, before the engine is started, through the working chambers a preheated fluid such as air, steam, or other uid adapted to act as a heat transmitter to the inner surfaces of the walls of the engine. The preheating of such fluid is carried out in a separate heating apparatus outside the engine. Any exposure to the atmosphere of the heating agency can be avoided by using an inclosed electrical heating apparatus. The preheating of the working chambers of the engine may be done more efliciently by keeping the engine during the preheating operatlon in motion, so that the tern erature of the heat transmitter is increase by the compression of the same in the engine.

A contrivance for carrying out our invention is shown in the figure of the annexed throttle valve a placed beyond the drawing which, as an example, represents a petroleum engine operating on the two cycle principle. The combustible mixture is by the upward stroke of the piston a drawn through the suction pipe 9 from the vaporizer a. supplied with petroleum through pipe :2: and with air through pipe 1 into'the crank casing b and forced by the return stroke of the piston through the passage 6 and the o ening (1 into the combustion chamber or cy inder f, the residue of the combustion of the preceding stroke of the piston being expelled through the opening 9 and the exhaust pipe h.

In accordance with our invention, there is provided a preheater i for the heat transmitting agent within which heater are located electric resistances k. The heater is connected at one end through a pipe Z with the exhaust pipe h of the engine and at the opposite end it is connected through a pipe m to the pipe y or intake through which air is sucked into the vaporizer or gasifier a. The pipe I is provided with a throttle valve 1?; the exhaust pipe h is provided with a oint where the pipe Z opens out of the ex aust pipe, and the supply pipe 3 is provided with a throttle valve 0 in advance of the point where the pipe at communicates with the air inlet pipe.

When the engine is to be started, the throttle valves n and -0 are closed and the throttle valve p is opened, as shown in the annexed figure and no petroleum is supplied thr'ou h the pipe :0 to the gasifier a. With this a justment of the valves the piston 0 of the engine is moved back and forth by any well known means. By its upward stroke 'thefiston c sucks heated air or such other flui as is used as a heat carrier, from the heating chamber 2' through the pipe m and the gasifier a (the communication of which with the external air is shut off by the valve 0 beingclosed) into the crank-casing?) as soon as the piston c uncovers-the opening. of

the suction pipe 9 connecting the crank cas- 7 ing of the engine with the gasifier. When the plston reverses its stroke, theair filling the crank-casing bis first slightly compressed therein and then passes into the combustion chamber f as soon'as the pistonc uncovers the upper openingd of-the passage c establishln'g communication between 'the crank casing b and the combustion chamber 1'. On the following up strok e of the that 0 the walls of the cylinder.

piston the heated air contained in the chamber f is compressed in the latter and subsequently by the reversal of the stroke, it 1s permitted to expand and as soon as the p ston uncovers the opening 9 of the ipe h, it passes from the chamber f throng pipe h and pipe Z back to the heating chamber 2'. With each following stroke of the piston c,

the same cycle of operations is repeated heat is generated and transmitted by the current of air directly to the inner surfaces of the gasifier a, the crank casing b, the

passage 6, and the combustion or working chamber f of the engine. In the latter the heating eflect is increased by the fact that during the period of compression and also during the greater part of the expansion period the temperature of the heat transmittin agent is considerably higher than When the gas'ifier and engine are by these means raised to a sufliciently high temperature the throttle valves n and o are opened, the valve 2 closed and the pipe y connected with the ex- 'ternal air-and petroleum supplied through I 1 alone isheated. As a heater ateach' stroke of the ,heat to be conducted through .t

the pipe at whereupon the engme works as motor. For accelerating the heatin of the engine and especially of the combustlon chamber f, it is preferred to empty the water jacket .of the cylinder and to supply the cooling water thereto only after the engine is started. I prefer to use air as the heat transmitting agent. Instead of'causing the samebody of air to circulate continuously pipe Z and the heater 2', the valve n may be opened and fresh air be drawn in to the piston, the air passing from the cylinder 7* being discharged to the atmosphere.

The advantages of our invention are obvious. The heat is transmitted directly to the inner faces of the engine cylinder where it can be given out again. directly to the combustible charge, without re uiring the e mass of the cylinder walls. I Not only are the cylinder walls heated, but also the vaporizer and all the passages through which the combusti? ble charge travels on its way to the cylinder, so that the same heating efiect may be produced with a lower temperature of the cylinder than is necessary where the cylinder result of the foregothere is less loss of" heat by radiation the external surfaces of the engine.

ns froin The preheating of the vaporizer aide espe chamber through the through the said chamber charge connections eoaaev 'tion, we claim: v I 1. In an mternal combustion engine, the

combination with the engine cylinder, of a heating chamber, means for supplying heat Having, therefore, described our in-vento any fluid contained in said chamber, connections from said chamber to the interior of the engine cylinder, and means for caus ing said fluid to flow from ber to the engine cylinder and back again to the chamber.

2. In a petroleum explosion engine the combination with the engine, of aheating' chamber, means for supplying said chamber with a fluid adapted to act as a heat transmitter, pipes connecting the heating cham ber with the petroleum supply pipe of the engine and the exhaust pipe respectively, a valve'in the intake pipe, a valve in the exhaust pipe and a valve in the pipe connecting the heating chamber with said exhaust pipe, the said valves being adapted to open and close communication between the heating chamber and the engine prior to the latter being supplied with combustible mixture, and means adapted to cause the heattransmitter to circulate from the heating the heating chain- 7 engine in contact with the inner surfaces thereof and back to the heating chamber.

3. In a petroleum said chamber, means for supplying to the heat transmitter, pipes adapted to estabhsh communication between the heating explosion engine thecombinatlon with the engine of a heatingchamber, an electrical heating device within a fluid adapted to act as a chamber and the inner spaces of the engine, I

valves adapted to open and close said communication prior to the engine being supplied with combustibl 1 mixture, and means adapted to cause the heat transmitter to pass from the heating chamber engine in contact with the inner surfaces of the same. i

. 4a. The combination with an internal combu'stionengine provided with the usual air and fuel inlet connections and exhaust disof an external fluid heeter connections, and means for putting the discharge connection of the heater in communi-. cation with the-air inlet of the engine.

5. The combination with an internal combustion engine provided with the usual air and fuel inlet connections and exhaust discharge connections, of an external fluid through the p heater provided with inlet and discharge connections, and means for putting the discharge connection of the heater in communication with the air inlet of the 'engine, and the exhaust connection of the engine in communication with the inlet connection of the heater.

'6; The combination with an internal comconnecting the gasifier with the discharge opening of the heater and the exhaust ,passages of the engine with the inlet opening of the heater.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNST KGRTING. JULIUS KRITZLER. 

